Window to my workshop – 38

February 7th, 2010

A6 Smoothing Plane

At last I have managed to find a little bit more time  for another entry in my blog.  For this entry I have decided use some old pictures of an A6 in the making as I have come across some pictures which could be useful.  As usual there are a lot of gaps in the picture diary and so I will start with the project already under way.  I feel sure that it will still provide some interest.

This A6 is one of the least copied planes around but is one of my personal favourites.  This is the real smoother as this plane is never much more than 7-7 .5 inches in length as its only job was for surface finishing.  This pattern is one of the most traditional, a fully handled infill plane.

I have been congratulated by many for introducing this informative blog as it shows how different my work is from other plane makers either historic or contemporary.  There are good plane makers but I feel that my methods set me apart. 

 “The nicest things about standards is that there are so many of them to choose from “ Andres S Tannenbaum.

 

 A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 1

 After all the profiling and dovetailing has been completed (this is the same process as with my other infill planes and has been documented elsewhere in these blogs), I can concentrate on the mouth and the frog.  As you will see from the picture the mouth is slotted and the holes drilled in preparation for the frog riveting.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 2

 This picture shows the frog has been riveted and the heads flushed away.  Here the bed around the mouth is precisionally milled to its angle of 50 degrees. 

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 3

 After the bed is completed then the whole plane bottom is turned around so that the front side of the mouth can be trued to its required angle.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 4

 After all the machine working round the mouth leaving only the final finishing work to be filed by hand.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 5

 Here are three bottoms complete and one showing the frog and its mouth slot before assembly.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 6

 Final preparation before peining the dovetailed sides to the bottom.  The picture also shows the sides pre-worked and the blade lateral kicker riveted in place.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 7

 Picture showing milled aluminium former and its ground clamping plates in readiness for assembly of the sides to the bottom.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 8

 The last fitting before it’s too late.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 9

 Everything jigged and set into place using a 6” milling vice.  Note that the dovetails are also clamped.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 10

 Here is the point of no return: peining the brass dovetails into the voids forming the compound dovetail, or double dovetail as I have heard other people call it.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 11

 After the bottom has been peined then the plane is ready for the side peining.  You will see from this picture that any gaps or voids are already taken up.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 12

 Once more everything clamped up in the milling vice.  Note the use of the round clamping bar so the cross sectional area of the plane body will retain its squareness from the true fitting former.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 13

 With everything satisfactorily clamped a light side peining is applied.

 

A6 dovetailed smoothing plane with brass sides 14

 Here you can see the pins being peined in different stages.  This is how I keep my form sharp and crisp.

Window to my workshop – 37

January 3rd, 2010

74 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 95 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

I thought I would put this picture up for the benefit of the customer who is buying it. I plane all round for truing up.  As you will notice I have chosen to do all my planing on the milling machine as it will plane true without any tearing when it comes to the more difficult grains.  I achieve more accuracy this way than I would do on an ordinary planer/thicknesser.

 

81 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Just a nice picture of the throat area.

 

83 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 

84 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Recessing for the rear handle using the CNC mill.

82 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

With the base of the handle also CNC’d fits first time, every time.  This handle is made removable.

  

86 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

The counterbore in the top of the handle.

 

87 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Using solid carbide drill makes a good centre and starting drill for the main bore.

 

85 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

With an extra long drill I am able to drill through the entire depth of the handle with a surprising degree of accuracy.

 

88 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Using the Holtey machine to shape the handles.

 

89 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Convexing the top of the brass handle retaining nut.

 

90 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Drilling the blind hole ready for tapping of the handle retaining nut.  Notice the small countersink which will assist in work holding further ahead.

 

91 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Tapping the ¼” Whitworth thread for the stainless steel handle fixing nut.

  

92 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 

93 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

The drive slot being cut for the above nut.

 

94 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Here I am waisting the centre of the retaining nut.

  100 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer

 Handle fixing showing the 1/4″ stainless steel rods.

 

96 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 Tweaking out the mouth using a file with safe sides.

 

97 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 

98 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 

99 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Various views of the same Boxwood plane.  I will post the quilted maple ones on the website shortly.

Commentary – T21 Transitional Plane

January 3rd, 2010

I have been quite impressed about some of the comments on forums about my T21 plane and I would like to make my contribution to these discussions.

There was a reference made about the brass kicker pads being in the wrong position i.e. cutting through one of the dovetails.  I have to assure everyone that I think long and hard about the positioning of everything.  Sometimes I can ponder over these decisions for months.  This kicker pad is there to assist in the lateral positioning of the blade, which works in conjunction with the adjuster.  In the case of castings there was usually a pip in the pattern to do this job.  The kicker only has to endure very light side pressure.  However its positioning is important if it is to be effective. 

An interesting comment, on my blog, was that someone noticed the positioning of the five pins in my spider hub and worked out the reasoning.

The most interesting point is discussion on the stability of wood.  When it comes to wood stability we will always be losers.  I have always had a fascination for transitional planes probably because I am more of a woodworker than engineer.  Where possible I like to combine woodworking with metalworking.  Engineering is not always all about metal.  However, for stability and reliability metal will always win.

The reason I decided to laminate the sole is so I could chose a light weight wood for the body, something pretty like the quilted maple, and laminate it with a harder wearing wood.    With laminating in this application straight forward bonding would not have been sufficient because of the oils in the wood I chose for the sole.  This is the reason for using the jointing system like ECE have on their primus planes, except I chose to dovetail whereas ECE had a tongue and groove system.

The difference in movement in different materials would be cross grained and most of it will be tangential.  Over a distance of 3 3/8” it should have a minimum effect.  Whether these dovetails run at right angles, longitudinal or diagonal I would think would be irrelevant and it would seem that it hasn’t affected the ECE planes. The use of the dovetail joint is it is more positive than the tongue and groove and of course there is just that little bit of vanity. 

I feel that I have made some inroads with the fittings that I designed, and I would like to make this plane again in smaller sizes and in a one piece stock i.e. without the laminated sole.

Window to my workshop – 36

January 1st, 2010

T21 Transitional Dovetailed Jointer Plane

 63 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 

64 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Boring and counter boring the hole in the bun blank for the fixing stud.

 

65 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Cutting a coarse thread for the stud.

 

66 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Once the blanks have been cut, counter bored and tapped they are then ready for turning.  This picture shows part of the turning as the first part (no picture) was turned on a mandrill and once I have a circle I can turn it round and secure it in a three jaw chuck for the other radius.  Sadly I still don’t have a wood turning lathe, which is something I must be looking into.

 67 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

68 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Making patterns for the bun profile.  Although there is a science in proportions and curves which I know nothing about, I am happy to manage on my instinct.  I think I am a good guesser.

 

69 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

70 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Once I am satisfied with the profile I can check the contours with the bun whilst being turned.  Notice that the bun is being turned on a mandrill which fits the bun’s internal thread.

 

71 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 Experimenting with some bun forms.  I elected to use the right hand one.  I wanted to keep the profile low because with wooden planes you are already starting in an elevated position.

 

72 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 73 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

This is the picture that some of you have been waiting for.

It is the removal of the material from the plane’s throat.  This is only the first stage and following procedures seem to have been mislaid so I will have to move on.

 

75 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Whilst I am in this set up I need to fit my bed pads.  It had been my intention to keep the blade bedded entirely on wood.  However, as this particular wood is quite soft I thought two brass pads would help prevent any wear or deformation at this critical point. 

 

76 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

The bed pads mentioned above.

 

77 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

Drilling for the spiders for the bespoke brass lever cap fittings.   Normally an indexing table would have been appropriate, but the CNC is nicer and quicker. (I have used a reject No 982 bottom as a clamping plate – very useful.)

 

78 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

A quick visual revision of the work in the throat area.

 

79 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

The plane’s sole is usually skimmed a number of times throughout the making process as whilst removing material and working there will be fresh settlement.

 

80 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer

 With most of the work done in the plane’s throat then the mouth can be routed out.

Window to my workshop 35

January 1st, 2010

T21 Transitional Plane

I will be working to finish the blog on the T21 today, so I thought I would leave you with these pictures in the meantime.

60 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer

 

61 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer

 

62 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer

Window to my workshop -34

December 27th, 2009

 T21 Transitional Plane – Bushing

 

There are 2 single bushes and 1 pair in this plane.  The bun and the rear handle have one each and a small pair for the adjuster.  Following are a few illustrations to give you an idea of how they are made – once fitted they are invisible though vital.

 53 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

The purpose of these bushes is that they spread the load into a greater contact area.  I use a coarse thread on these which is cut on to both the male metal portion and the female wooden counterpart. These bushes are permanently cemented into position with an epoxy resin.   

 

51 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

It is possible to break the bond on the metal parts.  When the bushes are cemented in position they are less likely to rotate due to the mechanical properties of the flats you will have noticed in the photographs (in the above photo I am about to cut the flats on to the stud for the front bun, not one of the bushes – but the principle is the same).   However, as during the fixing process the epoxy resin is forced in the fibrous texture of the wood providing an additional mechanical key these will not break down.

  

48 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

 This preparation shows a starting chamfer for thread cutting. 

 

49 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

A die button producing the required outer thread.

 

50 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

These are the smaller adjuster bushes.  Once they have had their flats machined on then they can be split into two.

 

52 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

The last job is to drill and tap the inner thread. These bushes include an inner thread for the actual fixing of the intended components.  This is so they can be removed and refitted many times without degrading its strength.  To my mind this is much better engineering practice, without any compromise. 

 54 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

Bushes for the rear handle.  These flats are pitched at 120 deg, which gives you three flats.  Also notice that the bushes have a lead in for the internal fixing thread.

 

55 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

Bushes for the adjuster

  

56 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

Prior to drilling and tapping you see here that each handle is fitted individually as the fixing bore is drilled from the top to the bottom.  By the time the drill reaches the bottom it could wander a small amount; usually no more than 8 thou.  

 

58 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

The bush threads being cut into the plane body.  This is done immediately after boring whilst I am able to pick up the centre and maintaining a perpendicular threaded bore.

 

59 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

When removing the work piece from the mill it is necessary to pick the threads up by hand with a bottom cutting tap, as the original has been cut with a taper tap.

 

57 T21 transitional dovetailed jointer bush

The final fitting/cementing of a handle bush using a one way driver.

Window to my workshop – 33

December 26th, 2009

T21 adjuster

 

The adjuster for this plane is of the well known Norris type. As with all my Norris style adjusters they have some revisions.

 

 20 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

 

21 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

In these pictures you can see two small holes which are used to secure the adjuster body.  One of the larger holes is for the rotating nut and the other is an extra hole to assist in work holding when machining (as in the second picture).

 

22 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

Work holding jig with base plates worked in different stages, and clamping screws.

 

23 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

As you can see here are the finished base plates.  They are precisionally milled, drilled and surface ground.

 

25 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

A hexagon being formed on the end of the adjuster stem which will fit into the broached hexagon hole through the gun metal knob.

 

24 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

Completed hexagon.  Doing this process on the CNC is unbelievably fast, as in the old days I used to use an indexing head and crank each cut by hand.

 

26 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

The adjuster stems showing the hexagon fit to the gun metal knob. 

 

27 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

The knurling operation for the gun metal adjuster knobs.  This pre-prepared bar will cut 11 knobs.

 

28 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

This could have been my entry for the Turner Prize but got accidentally thrown away when Claire was clearing up.

 

30 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

If your knurling is right your swarf will look like this.

 

31 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

With the knurling complete I can now cut the rings and separate the knobs in preparation for parting.

 

33 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

Back to the adjuster stems.  Here showing the 5/16” 32 tpi ME right hand thread being cut with the Coventry die head.

 

34 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

As much as nobody likes a sloppy thread the nut must still spin freely as shown here.

 

39 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

After the larger thread is cut I then turn down the smaller portion of the spindle, turning away the unwanted threads from the previous threading operation.

 

38 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

This is the 7/32” 40 tpi ME left hand thread.  This is the original Norris twin thread concept.  The disadvantage is that the travel was a little on the fast side, but I have decided to return back to this as there are more benefits to be gained.

 

40 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

Adjuster components but with the stem and the gunmetal knobs to be assembled prior to taper turning.

 

41 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

The stem is secured easily in a collet which would not be possible after the taper has been turned.

 

 47 T21 transitional jointer

Now with the stem secured I am able to apply some peining around the hexagon end of the stem to provide retention for the knob.

 

43 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

Turning the taper portion of the adjuster stem.  In the past I have always avoided using a turning centre at the top end of the adjuster as shown in this picture.  I have now decided that I shall turn all my adjuster stems in this way, so there will be a centre hole in all the adjuster knobs.

 

44 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

Going into the final stages of the adjuster assembly.  The spigot on the rotating nut is swaged over a washered seating to form a retainer. 

 

46 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

After much cleaning and fitting of the threads these adjusters are assembled for the last time.  As with everything I make, all the components including the washer are made in house.

 

45 T21 transitional jointer plane adjuster

I just had to have this picture.

Window to my workshop – 32

December 26th, 2009

Gunmetal fittings for T21

 

 7 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

This is parting off my spider hub (for want of a better name) from a prepared bar.

 

8 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

 Once these are parted off they need to be trued up to the precise length.

 

9 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

10 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

Using the CNC mill to cut the five legs out of my spider.

 

11 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

Once the legs have had their finishing cut it is desirable to put a small chamfer on the ends as this will assist with entry and peining.

 

12 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

 Finished legs

 

13 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

Checking for fit on a test piece of boxwood.  Also showing the spigot on the opposite side to the legs.

 

14 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

At this point most of you will have worked out where this item is to be fitted.  More will be explained as the blog progresses.

 

15 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

 A ******* load of work!

 

 Blades

 

16 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

Grinding blades nothing exciting.  I have chosen to use A2 as usual, as specified elsewhere :

http://www.holteyplanes.com/tech_blades1.html

 

17 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

Grinding the facet on the blades

 

18 T21 Transitional dovetailed jointer plane

You will notice that every surface is precisionally ground.  You don’t get this anywhere else so far.

 

19

Of course we mustn’t forget the bevel, which is set at 25 deg.

Window to my workshop 31

December 26th, 2009

INTRODUCTION TO TRANSITIONAL PLANES – T21

 

Having made some comments on the instability of wood in infill planes and now that I have successfully made metal planes without infills of my own design;  I felt that there is a sector in the market that looks longingly towards wooden planes.  Having used some wooden planes myself I feel that there is a sweetness in the way that these planes glide which adds to the plane’s charm.  There is the metal plane with a greater accuracy (well some of them) and the smooth operation of the wooden plane.  When you try and put the two together to get an infill plane you can lose the advantages of both types of plane.   This leaves the transitional. 

 

T21 transitional jointer dovetailed plane

 

Instead of putting wood into a metal plane, I put metal into a wooden plane.  The advantage here is that I am not interfering with the integrity of the wood.  Of course there is going to be a lot more wear and tear on the wood but any settlement due to differences in environment is easier to deal with. 

 You will find in my designs of this plane that I have kept all the character of the wood and yet introduced the fittings as found on a metal plane (the adjuster and lever cap). 

 

T21 adjuster

 

 All these fittings including handles have been thoughtfully integrated into the wooden body.  Items such as handles and adjuster use brass bushes.  I have used brass bushing in these areas rather than using an ordinary wood screw.  This is a considerable leap forward; the wood screw is just one step up from a nail.

T21 front bun bush

 

I put some pictures up earlier on in the year which are here if you want to look back:  http://www.holteyplanes.com/blog/category/transitional/

Purfling cutter photo gallery

December 22nd, 2009

A purfling cutter that I designed myself many years ago.  It is in stainless steel and gunmetal with rosewood handle.  Note the handle rotates and can be locked by twisting.

Looking back I offered this tool at a ridulously low price and got little interest at the time.  Now I am NOT interested in making it again.

 

purfling cutter 3

 

purfling cutter 2

 

purfling cutter